정치

국제사회는 경상도 유교만 파시즘으로 등록됐다. 그런데 전라도 유교나 전라도 동학이 히틀러 파시즘, 혹은 중국식 일당독재 전체주의에 더 닮았다.

이년아먹어라먹어2026-02-22목록으로 건너뛰기

<span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"> <br>1인독재로 하는 것을 1당독재로 바뀐 것이며<br>1인독재 때 그때 수혜자들이<br>1당독재 수혜자로 겹친것도 많다. <br><br>이거 이해해야, 지방선거에서 전략 나옴</span></span><br><br><br><br><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt">(</span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕">구글 </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt">ai)</span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">네</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">맞습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">. 1970</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">년대 유신반대운동 및 민주화운동 과정에서 재야 세력과 학생</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">노동자 등 민중 세력은 유신체제를 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">파시즘</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">(Fascism)' </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">또는 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">파시즘적 군사독재</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">로 규정하고 비판했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="color:#9c3b00"> </span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">이와 관련된 주요 내용은 다음과 같습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">파시즘 규정의 근거 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">(10·17 </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">비상조치</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">): </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">유신체제는 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">1972</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">년 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">10</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">월 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">17</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">일</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">안보 위기를 빌미로 국회를 해산하고 헌법의 일부 기능을 정지시킨 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">초헌법적 비상조치</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">를 통해 성립되었습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">이에 민중 세력은 이를 친위 쿠데타이자 민주주의를 말살한 파시즘적 폭력 정치로 규정했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">긴급조치와 폭력적 통제</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">유신 정권은 긴급조치</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">(1~9</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">호</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">를 통해 국민의 기본권을 극도로 제한하고</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">학원과 언론</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">노동 현장을 탄압했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">특히 노동운동과 학생운동을 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">공산주의자와 연결된 반국가 행위</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">로 몰아 탄압한 점이 파시즘적 성격의 증거로 꼽혔습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">병영적 사회질서와 파시즘</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">유신체제는 민주주의의 다양성을 방종으로 규정하고</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">정당정치와 언론의 자유를 박탈한 채 국민을 국가가 일방적으로 통제하는 병영적 사회질서를 만들었습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">이는 국가주의적</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">군국주의적 성격이 강한 파시즘적 지배 방식이었습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">유신체제에 대한 성격 규정</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">연구자들과 민주화운동 진영은 유신헌법이 일제 말기 식민지 파시즘과 유사한 체제</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">파시즘의 적자</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">라고 평가했으며</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, 1</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">인 영도체제로 민주적 절차를 완전히 폐기했다고 보았습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="color:#9c3b00"> </span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">결론적으로</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, 70</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">년대 민중운동은 유신 체제를 단순한 독재를 넘어</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#9c3b00">국가가 모든 사회 영역을 장악하고 억압하는 파시즘 체제로 인식하고 이에 맞서 투쟁했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#9c3b00">.</span></span></span></span><div dis-id="hwpEditorBoardContent" class="hwp_editor_board_content" data-hjsonver="1.0" data-jsonlen="12640"> </div><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"> </span></span><br><br><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">“AI </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">개요</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">칼 바르트</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Karl Barth)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">가 히틀러 파시즘</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">나치즘</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">과 스탈린주의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">소비에트 공산주의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">를 동일한 질서</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">즉 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">전체주의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">로 보았던 시각은 중국 공산당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(CCP)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">의 통치 이면인 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당파 중심의 유교적 논리</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">국가 체제</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">황제식 독재</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">로 해석할 수 있습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">이는 두 사상이 외견상</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">인종주의 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">vs </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">계급론</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">다를지라도</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">절대적 권위</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">획일화</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">개인의 소멸이라는 구조적 공통점을 공유하기 때문입니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">그 구체적인 해석의 근거는 다음과 같습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">1. ‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">신격화된 권력</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">’</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">과 유교의 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">천명</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">天命</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)’ </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">사상</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트의 시각</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트는 나치즘과 스탈린주의 모두 인간이 스스로를 신의 위치로 올려놓는 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">우상숭배</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">이자 신의 말씀을 대체하는 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">정치 종교</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">로 보았습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">유교적 해석</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국 공산당은 전통 유교의 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">천명</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">天命</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">을 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">역사적 필연성</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">과 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당의 지도력</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">으로 치환했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">공산당은 절대적 정통성을 가진 제국</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Empire)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">과 같으며</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">황제</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당 지도부</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">의 명령은 곧 절대적인 규범이 됩니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당에 대한 충성은 유교의 군신유의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">君臣有義</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">와 유사한 구조를 갖습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="color:#eb5800"> </span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">2. ‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">전체주의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Gleichschaltung)’</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">와 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">대일통</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">大一統</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)’ </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">논리</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트의 시각</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트는 국가가 교회와 개인의 삶 전체를 통제하려는 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">전체 국가</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Total State)'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">에 반대했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">유교적 해석</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국의 유교 전통인 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">대일통</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">大一統</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">획일적 통합</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">은 사상과 사회를 하나의 중심</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">으로 묶는 논리로 연결됩니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">스탈린의 당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">국가 시스템은 이러한 획일적 지배 구조와 매우 흡사하며</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국 공산당이 이를 수용하여 당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">국가</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Party-State) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">시스템을 확립했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="color:#eb5800"> </span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">3. ‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당파 중심주의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">’</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">와 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">충</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">忠</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)’</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">의 변질</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트의 시각</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">히틀러와 스탈린은 모두 자신의 당이 도덕적</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">역사적 최종 심판자라고 주장했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">유교적 해석</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">공산당 내 당파 중심주의는 유교의 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">가족주의적 충</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">忠</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">이 국가</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">공산당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">수준으로 확대된 것입니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당의 구성원은 당의 결정을 맹목적으로 따라야 하며</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">이는 과거 유교 관료 사회의 당파 싸움과 유사한 양상을 보이나</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, 1</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">인 독재 구조 하에서 획일화된 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">당파 충성</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">을 강요합니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">4. ‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">내재적 정당화</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">’</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">와 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">‘</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">성인</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">聖人</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">숭배</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">’</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트의 시각</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트는 자연 신학</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Natural Theology), </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">즉 인간의 경험이나 역사에서 하나님의 뜻을 찾으려는 시도가 우상숭배로 이어져 나치즘을 정당화했다고 비판했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">유교적 해석</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">: </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국 공산당은 마르크스주의를 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국화</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">하여 공산당의 지도력을 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국적 성인</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(Sage)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">의 도</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">道</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">처럼 포장합니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">공산당은 스스로를 봉건적 병폐를 해결하는 정통성 있는 통치 집단으로 묘사하며</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">비판을 허용하지 않는 유교적 교조주의를 보여줍니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="color:#eb5800"> </span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">결론</span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트가 보기에 히틀러와 스탈린은 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">인간의 자기신격화</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">라는 병적인 차원에서 동일한 병</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">파시즘적 전체주의</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">을 공유했습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">이를 중국 공산당 이면의 당파 중심 유교 논리로 해석하면</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, "</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">유교적 제국 질서</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">대일통</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">/</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">천명</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">가 마르크스</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">레닌주의의 당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">국가 시스템과 결합하여 절대 권력을 형성한 구조</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">"</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">라고 할 수 있습니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">. </span></span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">즉</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">바르트가 비판한 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">절대 권력의 우상화</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">는</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">중국 공산당 체제 하에서 당파 중심의 획일주의와 융합되어 더욱 공고한 </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">전체주의적 당</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">국가</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">'</span></span></span><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="font-family:함초롬바탕"><span style="color:#eb5800">로 나타나고 있는 것입니다</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:0pt"><span style="color:#eb5800">.</span></span></span></span><br><span style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span style="color:#eb5800"> </span></span></span><br><span style="text-autospace:none"> </span><div dis-id="hwpEditorBoardContent" class="hwp_editor_board_content" data-hjsonver="1.0" data-jsonlen="17479"> </div>

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